The redox value (also known as redox potential) is a key chemical parameter that determines the effectiveness of disinfectants. It describes the ratio between REDuction (electron uptake) and OXidation (electron release) in a solution. The redox value is measured in millivolts (mV) and indicates how strongly a solution has an oxidizing or reducing effect. A high value indicates a strongly oxidizing environment, which is ideal for destroying microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses and fungi.

Substances with a high redox potential, such as ozone or hypochlorous acid, remove electrons from other molecules. This oxidation destabilizes chemical bonds and destroys the cell structures of microorganisms, which leads to their destruction.

• High redox values (> +650 mV): Strongly oxidizing, suitable for killing microorganisms.
• Low or negative redox values: Reducing environment, not very suitable for disinfection purposes.

The redox value therefore plays a decisive role in disinfection.

Why is the redox value important for disinfection?

The killing of microorganisms is based on a simple but effective principle: oxidizing agents with a high redox potential remove electrons from the cell structures of the germs. This damages cell membranes, enzymes and DNA. The microorganisms can no longer maintain their vital functions and die.

A high redox potential indicates how strong the oxidizing effect of a solution is. A higher voltage means faster and more effective germ elimination.

Examples of the dependence of disinfection on the redox value:



• At a redox value above +750 mV, most bacteria, viruses and fungi are quickly killed.
• If the value falls below +650 mV, the disinfection effect decreases drastically.

How is the redox value measured?

Special electrodes that measure the electrical voltage in a solution are used to monitor the redox value. These devices enable precise control and ensure that the solution is always within the optimum range.

In practice, the following redox values are maintained depending on the application:



• Drinking water disinfection: +650 to +850 mV
• Swimming pool disinfection: +750 to +850 mV
• Industrial and food hygiene: over +800 mV for maximum effectiveness

The role of hypochlorous acid (HOCl)

Hypochlorous acid (HOCl) is an efficient disinfectant, which is characterized by its dual property as a strong oxidizing agent and good compatibility for humans, the environment and animals. With a high redox potential, HOCl destroys both cell membranes and proteins of microorganisms within seconds. Its advantage lies in its high effectiveness at low concentrations. All Hydroliq products have a redox value of at least 800 mV.

Conclusion:

The redox value is a decisive parameter for the effectiveness of disinfectant solutions. It provides information about the ability of the solution to destroy microorganisms quickly and efficiently through oxidation. By selecting suitable oxidizing agents, optimizing the pH value and controlling the concentration, the redox value can be specifically increased and kept stable.

Hypochlorous acid is an excellent example of the practical application of the redox value in disinfection. Thanks to its high redox potential, it enables powerful yet gentle disinfection that meets even the highest hygiene requirements.

While ethanol-based products have long been considered the standard, a promising active ingredient is increasingly coming into focus: hypochlorous acid (HOCl). But what makes it so special? In this article, we take a look at the origins of hypochlorous acid, its benefits and its potential in medicine.

Origin

Hypochlorous acid is a mild acid that occurs in nature and is produced, for example, by the human body as a defense against pathogens. It is produced in the white blood cells (leukocytes) as part of the immune system to fight bacteria, viruses and other microorganisms.

Industrially, HOCl is produced from water and sodium chloride (common salt). Hydroliq has further developed a technology based on chlor-alkali electrolysis for this purpose. This method, which was originally developed in the 1960s for the Russian aerospace industry, enables efficient and sustainable production of hypochlorous acid. Despite its name, it does not contain any free chlorine, but decomposes completely into water and sodium chloride, which makes the solution sustainable and gentle on the skin compared to other biocidal products, without compromising on effectiveness.

Mode of action

An electrochemical production process is used to obtain a disinfectant solution that is pH-neutral and at the same time highly stable.
Hypochlorous acid (HOCl) is a powerful antimicrobial agent that combats bacteria, viruses and fungi in various ways. HOCl is electrically neutral and can therefore easily penetrate the cell membranes of microorganisms.

In bacteria, HOCl penetrates the cell membrane and destabilizes it, leading to the destruction of the cell structure. As a strong oxidizing agent, HOCl also attacks proteins, lipids and the DNA of bacterial cells, which leads to loss of function and cell death.

In viruses, especially enveloped viruses such as influenza or coronaviruses, HOCl oxidizes the lipid membrane of the viral envelope, destroying its structure and preventing the virus from infecting cells. HOCl also damages the viral proteins and genetic material, which prevents the virus from replicating.

HOCl has a similar effect on fungi as it does on bacteria by attacking the cell walls and cell membranes. It oxidizes the cell components, destroying the structure of the fungal cells and inhibiting growth. The electrical neutrality of HOCl enables it to penetrate the cells of the microbes particularly well, as it is not repelled by the charges of the cell membranes. Overall, the combination of these mechanisms ensures that HOCl has a broad antimicrobial effect that is effective against bacterial, viral and fungal infections. As HOCl is a natural substance produced by the white blood cells of the human immune system to fight pathogens, the solution does not attack the skin’s natural protective barriers, while infectious agents are reliably killed.

Hypochlorous acid does not attack the body’s own cells because they are protected from it by various protective mechanisms. One of the main reasons is that healthy endogenous cells produce antioxidant enzymes such as catalase and superoxide dismutase. These enzymes quickly neutralize reactive oxygen species such as HOCl and thus protect cell membranes, proteins and other cell structures from damage. In addition, HOCl is a signaling substance of the immune system and is released specifically where pathogens need to be fought. The concentration in these local areas is high enough to destroy microorganisms, but not high enough to cause extensive damage to healthy tissue. In addition, the body’s own cells are often less susceptible to the oxidative effect of HOCl, as they are specifically designed for this natural defense strategy of the body. This means that the effect of HOCl is largely limited to foreign, pathogenic microorganisms.

Advantages over ethanol-based disinfectants

Ethanol-based disinfectants are widely used, but have a number of disadvantages, especially when used frequently. Hypochlorous acid offers numerous advantages here:

Skin-friendliness:

Ethanol can dry out and irritate the skin, while HOCl is particularly kind to the skin thanks to its natural base – ideal for frequent use, sensitive skin, children or allergy sufferers. In addition, the solution does not cause a burning sensation and is therefore also very suitable for use in the veterinary sector.

Broader spectrum of activity:

HOCl is effective against bacteria, viruses, spores and fungi. Ethanol-based products, on the other hand, often have a limited effect, especially against spores.

Proven spectrum of efficacy of Hydroliq disinfectant solutions based on hypochlorous acid:

• Bactericidal (EN13727)
• Mycobactericide (EN14348)
• Virucidal (EN14476)
• Fungicide (EN13624)
• Sporicide (EN17126)

Sustainability:

HOCl leaves no harmful residues and breaks down completely into water and salt after use. This means that hypochlorous acid is not only environmentally friendly, but also particularly gentle on materials. In addition, only 1 liter of water is needed to produce 900 ml of Hydroliq disinfectant solution. Conventional alcohol-based disinfectants require up to 4,000 liters of water for 1 liter of disinfectant solution.

Safe handling:

Ethanol is flammable and poses a risk during storage and transportation. In addition, conventional disinfectants often carry hazard symbols and require protective equipment such as gloves and safety goggles. HOCl, on the other hand, is non-flammable, carries no hazard symbols and requires no protective equipment. This makes it particularly safe, even in sensitive environments such as hospitals or care facilities.

Significance in medicine

Hypochlorous acid offers numerous advantages, particularly in the medical field. Its versatile properties play a decisive role in the fight against infections and contribute significantly to the optimization of hygiene practices in healthcare facilities.

• Disinfection of medical equipment:
HOCl is used to disinfect equipment and surfaces in hospitals and doctors’ surgeries due to its high effectiveness and absence of residues.


• Multidrug resistance:
  The threat of multi-resistant germs poses a serious challenge for the healthcare system worldwide, as it makes the treatment of infections more difficult and requires the development of new drugs. Hypochlorous acid has proven effective even against stubborn germs such as MRSA, mycobacteria and even spores. In addition, the formation of resistance is virtually impossible.

Conclusion

Hypochlorous acid combines natural effectiveness with exceptional safety and environmental compatibility. Its advantages over ethanol-based disinfectants and its growing importance in medicine make HOCl a pioneering solution that will revolutionize our understanding of hygiene and health. An impressive example of how natural principles can be optimally utilized through technological progress.

Multidrug resistance refers to the ability of microorganisms, especially bacteria, to become resistant to several different antibiotics or disinfectants. In short, germs become resistant and can no longer be killed with existing products. This characteristic poses a serious challenge to healthcare systems worldwide, as it makes the treatment of infections more difficult and requires the development of new drugs.

What is multidrug resistance and how can it develop?

Multidrug resistance occurs when microorganisms develop mechanisms that make them insensitive to a wide range of antimicrobial products. These resistant germs are often referred to as multi-resistant organisms (MRE). The best known examples are methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and multi-resistant gram-negative bacteria such as Escherichiacoli or Klebsiella pneumoniae.

Klebsiella pneumoniae (bacterial pneumonia)

These resistances can develop through genetic mutations or the exchange of resistance genes between microorganisms. This often occurs when small pieces of DNA, such as plasmids, are transferred between different types of bacteria.

The main causes of the emergence and spread of multidrug resistance are:

1.Excessive use of antibiotics:

Antibiotics are often used inappropriately or unnecessarily in both human and veterinary medicine.

2. Incomplete treatment cycles:

Bacteria can survive and develop resistance if patients do not take antibiotics as prescribed.

3. Incorrect cleaning:

Especially in hospitals and healthcare facilities, where many pathogens congregate, improper cleaning or disinfection can encourage the spread of resistant pathogens.

4. Environmental factors:

Antibiotic residues in wastewater and soil can also promote the development of resistance.

Antibiotics and their role in multidrug resistance

Antibiotics are the most important weapon against bacterial infections. However, their inappropriate use is the main cause for the development of resistance.

Common problems are:


Broad-spectrum antibiotics: They are effective against many strains of bacteria, but also destroy beneficial microbes and thus promote the survival of resistant germs.

Use in Livestock Farming: In agriculture, antibiotics are often used as growth promoters, which can lead to resistance in environmental bacteria that can be transferred to humans.

Developing new antibiotics is time-consuming and cost-intensive, so innovation is not keeping pace with the spread of resistant bacteria. In addition, new antibiotics are held in reserve for years and only used when existing antibiotics are no longer effective. This makes development unprofitable for many large companies, as no sales can be expected for years or even decades.

Disinfectants and multi-resistance

Disinfectants also play a role in resistance development. If disinfectants are used incorrectly or at too low a concentration, bacteria can develop resistance mechanisms. A well-known example is resistance to quaternary ammonium compounds which are found in many disinfectants.

Important measures for prevention are:



• Use effective disinfectants at the proper concentration and recommended exposure time.


• Provide regular training for staff in health care facilities.

Conclusion: What can be done?

Alternative treatment option: Phage therapy

Combating multidrug resistance requires a holistic approach:

Responsible use of antibiotics: Doctors, farmers and patients must be made aware that antibiotics should only be used when necessary and as prescribed.

Promoting hygiene: Strict hygiene measures in hospitals can curb the spread of multi-resistant pathogens.

Research and innovation: Investment is needed in the development of new antibiotics, diagnostic technologies and alternatives such as phage therapy. Phage therapy uses bacteriophages (viruses that specifically kill disease-causing bacteria) as a promising alternative for the treatment of antibiotic-resistant infections.

Educating the public: Awareness of the dangers of multidrug resistance is crucial to bring about behavioral changes in the population.

Dry skin and chapped hands are a common problem, especially during the cold season when the air is dry. Although it may seem just an aesthetic problem, it can also have health consequences!

What causes dry skin?

Our skin is a protective barrier. It protects our body from external influences such as cold, heat, bacteria and pollutants. To fulfill this task, the skin relies on a supply of moisture and fats (lipids). If this natural protective function is damaged, the skin loses moisture and dries out.

The most common causes of dry skin on the hands:

1. Cold and dry air:

During the winter months, humidity levels drop both indoors and outdoors, causing the skin to dehydrate. Cold wind can reduce the blood flow to the skin, and dry air from the heating system can increase the loss of moisture, making the skin look dry and chapped.

2. Frequent hand washing and alcohol-based disinfectants:

Frequent hand washing, especially with warm water and soap, as well as the use of alcohol-based or harsh disinfectants, removes the skin’s natural fats and oils. This leads to dehydration and damage to the protective barrier, making the skin more likely to crack and become irritated.

3. Unsuitable skincare products:

Products with aggressive ingredients such as strong soaps or fragrances can further irritate the skin and disrupt the natural hydration balance, leading to dryness and irritation.

4. Mechanical stress:

Activities such as gardening, housework and professional working exposes the skin to mechanical stimulation. If the skin is not properly protected and treated, small injuries, cracks or dehydration can occur.

Why can chapped hands be dangerous?

When skin becomes too dry, it loses its elasticity and becomes fragile, which can lead to cracks and flaking. These break through the protective barrier of the skin and can be not only painful but also dangerous. In this condition, the skin can no longer properly provide its usual protection.

The main risks of chapped skin:

1. Loss of the protective barrier

Our skin is our first line of defense against external agents such as bacteria, viruses and pollutants. When this barrier is weakened by dryness or cracks, germs and dirt can more easily enter our bodies. This is especially critical in environments such as hospitals or during flu season, when germs are more prevalent.

2. Increased risk of infection

Open skin areas provide an ideal entry point for germs. Bacteria and viruses can easily penetrate these damaged skin areas into the deeper layers of the skin, causing infections. The result can be inflammation, redness and, in some cases, unpleasant systemic infections. People with weakened immune systems are particularly vulnerable because their bodies are less able to respond to such infections.

3. Skin diseases

Dry skin and open skin areas can significantly increase the symptoms of chronic skin diseases such as eczema or psoriasis. Dehydration and a weakened skin barrier can worsen symptoms and lead to additional skin problems. In these cases, it is important to protect and take care of your skin to prevent disease progression.

How can you prevent dry and chapped skin?

To avoid dry and chapped skin, regular and conscious care is essential.

Here are some tips:


• Moisturizing creams: Use a moisturizing hand cream regularly to keep the skin moisturized. It is best to massage it in immediately after washing your hands.
• Mild soaps and care products: Choose mild, pH-neutral soaps and care products without alcohol and perfume. They won’t irritate the skin.
• Gentle cleansing: Avoid hot water, as it dries out the skin. Lukewarm water and mild soaps are gentler.
• Wear gloves: In winter and when working with chemicals or water, gloves provide effective protection against cold, wet and harmful substances.
• Avoid pure alcohol-based disinfectants without additional care ingredients: Do not use alcohol-based sanitizers as they remove the skin’s natural oils and fats.

Our recommendation:

Hydroliq DESINFECTA Plus: Gentle but powerful germ elimination for healthy hands


Hydroliq DESINFECTA Plus eliminates 99.99% of all viruses and bacteria from hands – ideal for daily use. The alcohol-free formula, based on stable hypochlorous acid (HOCl), is gentle and helps prevent skin dryness that can lead to cracking. Dermatologically tested and classified as “VERY GOOD”, this disinfectant solution is suitable for children as well as for private and commercial use. Safe, effective protection for hands – without leaving any residue or damage!

Autumn is the ideal time to freshen up your home and prepare it for winter! The falling temperatures combined with rising humidity increase the risk of bacteria and viruses accumulating. Here are some tips to keep your home autumn-proof and hygienic!

Why it is important to clean up in autumn

The cold weather invites us to spend more time inside. But it also gives germs and allergens a chance to spread more easily. A thorough autumn cleaning helps to reduce these risks. Not only will your home be cleaner, it will also be healthier!

The most important hygiene measures:

Tip from a professional: Thorough cleaning before disinfection is essential because dirt, organic residues and grease on surfaces can reduce the effectiveness of disinfectants. These contaminants can act as a barrier, preventing disinfectants from achieving sufficient contact with germs and bacteria. In addition, some pathogens can survive in organic material and cannot be completely removed by disinfection alone. Only a clean surface can provide effective disinfection and ensure reliable protection against infections and pathogens.

1. Maintenance Cleaning

Refrigerator: Inspect food for mold and expiration dates. Remove all food, clean refrigerator shelves, and disinfect with Hydroliq Professional.

2. Cleaning textiles

Washing: Wash all textiles thoroughly. This is especially important for bedding and pillowcases. Mites and bacteria are killed at 60 degrees. Many washing machines have special programs for dust mites.

Mattress: Turn the mattress over and clean it regularly. This prevents mites and mold.

3. Vacuuming

Dust and allergens tend to collect on carpets and upholstery. To remove them, vacuum thoroughly (preferably with a HEPA filter).

4. Hard surfaces

Windows, screens and other frequently used devices such as remote controls and light switches should be disinfected with Hydroliq Professional. Germs can settle on these surfaces and promote colds and allergies.

5. Care of cleaning utensils

Cleaning utensils should also be thoroughly cleaned. Cleaning vacuum bags, cloths, and mops is specifically important to prevent the spread of germs. Cloths should be machine washed at 60 degrees immediately after cleaning.

Tip: Work with colors. An effective color concept for cleaning cloths helps to avoid cross-contamination and ensure hygiene in different areas.

Here is a suggestion for a clear and practical color concept:
Red: For highly contaminated areas such as toilets and sanitary facilities.
Yellow: For surfaces in washrooms, such as washbasins and taps.
Blue: For less critical areas, e.g. offices, tables and furniture.
Green: For kitchen and food areas to ensure food hygiene.

This system makes it easier to keep an overview and helps to maintain hygiene standards.

Additional tips:

Closet: When changing from summer to winter clothes, wipe out the wardrobe thoroughly. Dust can accumulate and encourage mold growth.

Wet clothing: Never hang wet clothes, especially jackets, between dry clothes to avoid mold and bad smells.

Hidden germs: Light switches and door handles are often heavily contaminated with germs. To reduce the buildup of germs, clean and disinfect heavily frequented areas weekly.

A thorough autumn cleaning not only provides cleanliness, but also protects your health! So nothing stands in the way of a cozy autumn and winter!

Legionella is a genus of bacteria found in natural bodies of water such as lakes and rivers. They were first identified in 1976 when an outbreak of Legionnaires’ disease (legionellosis) occurred. The disease can cause severe pneumonia and is particularly dangerous for the elderly, smokers and people with weakened immune systems.

In low concentrations, legionella generally pose no danger. However, under optimal conditions, a single legionella bacteria can multiply to 65,000 within 48 hours. If a certain threshold value is exceeded, there is cause for concern. Infection with Legionella usually occurs through inhalation of water in the form of aerosols (steam baths, bubble baths, showers and toilet flushing), less frequently through ingestion (aspiration into the respiratory tract).

Formation of biofilms in water pipes

Legionella can also colonize and multiply in clean tap water. This often happens in warm stagnation areas of water pipes, especially at water temperatures between 25 and 45 degrees Celsius. A critical aspect in the proliferation of legionella is the formation of so-called biofilms in the water pipes.

What are biofilms?

Biofilms are complex associations of microorganisms that adhere to surfaces (inner walls of water pipes, shower hoses) and are protected by a mucus-like matrix of polysaccharides, proteins and other substances. This matrix makes the microorganisms more resistant to measures such as flushing.

Favoring factors

The formation of biofilms and the proliferation of legionella is favored by the following factors:

• Material of the pipes: Certain materials such as plastic offer microorganisms better adhesion than others.


• Stagnation: Stagnant water offers microorganisms the opportunity to multiply and form biofilms.


• Temperature: Warm water between 25 and 45 degrees Celsius promotes the growth of biofilms and legionella.


• Nutrients: Even minimal amounts of organic material in the water can support the growth of biofilms.

Measures to prevent the formation of legionella

An infection with legionella is extremely dangerous for the elderly, smokers and people with a weakened immune system. Buildings such as hospitals and nursing homes are therefore particularly required to take prophylactic measures to prevent contamination of the tap water. There are various measures to prevent the formation of legionella in water pipes:

• Regular maintenance and cleaning: Regular inspections and cleaning of water pipes and water tanks can help to minimize the formation of biofilms.


• Temperature control: Keep the water temperature above 60 degrees Celsius in hot water systems to kill legionella and below 20 degrees Celsius in cold water systems to inhibit their growth.


• Flushing the pipes: Regular flushing of the water pipes, especially in rarely used areas, prevents stagnation and reduces biofilm formation.


• Avoid piping dead legs: Dead legs in which the water stands for a long time and does not circulate should be avoided or flushed regularly.


• Disinfection: WATER DISINFECTION Plus is approved for the disinfection of tap water and drinking water. The water disinfection solution reliably kills germs even at low concentrations. When used continuously, the solution breaks down the biofilm in the water pipes and effectively prevents contamination with harmful (pathogenic) germs. Renewed biofilm formation is virtually impossible.
  
  
  
  The simple integration into existing dosing systems enables cost-effective and sustainable disinfection that is odorless and tasteless. The product leaves no residue in the water and enables continuous dosing without hesitation, so that clean and germ-free water is always available without having to compromise on safety.

Summary: Legionella poses a significant health risk, especially in larger buildings with complex water supply systems. By better understanding biofilm formation and implementing preventative measures, the spread of dangerous bacteria can be effectively controlled. A proactive approach to the maintenance and servicing of water supply systems is crucial to ensure health and safety. A water disinfection solution from Hydroliq can help.

The two terms protein error and soap error sound odd at first and are difficult to associate with cleaning and disinfection. However, if you look at the two terms syllable by syllable, the solution may even find itself.

Explanation:

A protein error is the reduced effectiveness of disinfectants in the presence of proteins or protein-containing material. The disinfectant does not reach the germs completely as they are partially protected by the dirt and the effect of the disinfectant is reduced by binding to the proteins.

The situation is similar with soap residues, which can reduce the effect of disinfectants in the same way or – depending on their composition – even cancel them out completely.

With this knowledge in mind, many people now understand why cleaning before disinfection is essential. After all, the foundation for effective disinfection is only laid with the correct cleaning. A common mistake is to use too much cleaning agent, leaving soap residue behind after the surface has dried. In this case, the surface should be wiped with clean water to prevent the disinfectant solutions from being affected. However, the easiest way is to follow the cleaning agent manufacturer’s instructions exactly.
Recommended procedure Surface disinfection:

• Clean the surface with a suitable cleaning agent. Ensure that not too much cleaning agent is used.
• After cleaning, spray the surface to be disinfected with Hydroliq Professional and leave to take effect or wipe with a microfiber cloth.

Recommended procedure for floor disinfection:

• Wet the floor with a suitable cleaning agent according to the instructions.
• Add 1 liter of disinfectant solution to 10 liters of water (1:10) in a bucket and wipe the floor again with a damp mop.

In summary, it can be said that disinfection can only be fully effective if cleaning has taken place beforehand. The effect of disinfectants can be impaired by stains or residues of cleaning agents.

Druse is one of the most widespread bacterial infections in horses. It can cause serious health problems. This infection is caused by the bacterium Streptococcus equi and mainly affects the horse’s upper respiratory tract and lymph nodes. It can lead to fever, nasal discharge, coughing and abscesses. The control of druse in equine herds requires careful prevention and management strategies, with immediate isolation and disinfection being key.

The importance of disinfection for druse

Disinfection is an important measure to combat druse, as the bacterium Streptococcus equi can survive in the environment for a long time. Infected horses excrete the bacterium through nasal discharge and coughing, making it easy to spread to other horses and the environment. Thorough disinfection of stables, equipment, riding clothing and means of transportation is therefore essential to prevent the spread of druse.  

Hygiene measures for druse

  Here are some important points to combat the pathogen:

• Stable hygiene: Regular cleaning and disinfection of stables is crucial to control the spread of druse. This includes thorough cleaning and disinfection of feed troughs, drinking troughs, stalls and other surfaces that infected horses may have come into contact with.
• Isolation: Infected horses must be isolated from healthy horses immediately to prevent further spread of the infection. Stables and equipment that have been used by infected horses must be thoroughly cleaned and disinfected to prevent transmission of the pathogen.
• Disinfection: All equipment that has come into contact with infected horses, such as saddles, bridles, blankets and means of transportation, must be thoroughly disinfected to prevent the spread of infection.

Hydroliq Animal is approved for both skin disinfection on animals and for oral hygiene. The pH-neutral disinfectant solution eliminates 99.99% of all bacteria, viruses, fungi and spores in a matter of seconds and is completely harmless to animals, humans and the environment. Ideally suited for all surfaces that come into direct contact with the animal (bridle, feeding troughs and drinking troughs), as well as for the animal itself. Hydroliq PROFESSIONAL is used to disinfect stable boxes, floors, trailers, equipment and other surfaces as well as in combination with the “Fogger” device for spray disinfection. This handy, mobile spray disinfection device (3.5 kg / 4 liter tank capacity) can be carried comfortably over the shoulder. It enables uncomplicated, fast and effective decontamination of hotspots. For fast and safe disinfection of even hard-to-reach surfaces. Do not forget: Trailers and trucks that have been used to transport infected horses must also be treated.

• Personal hygiene: In the event of an outbreak of druse in a stable, care must be taken to ensure that contact only takes place with your own horse. This applies in particular if your own horse is affected. It is recommended that you wash your hands regularly, put your clothes straight into the washing machine and do not share equipment. If you own several horses, it is recommended that you change your clothes every now and then and wash as well as possible. Although these measures involve a certain amount of effort, they are essential for successful management of the disease.
• Monitoring: To ensure early diagnosis and treatment, it is important to monitor horses for signs of druse. A rapid response can help limit the spread of infection and reduce the risk of serious complications.
• Veterinary treatment: If druse is suspected, the vet must be informed immediately. The vet will first take a swab and send it to the laboratory. There it can be tested whether the horse is excreting the druse bacteria or whether it is a different disease. The sick horse should be isolated as soon as it is suspected, as otherwise the pathogen can spread quickly in the stable.

Conclusion: Druse is a serious disease that requires careful prevention and control to protect the health and welfare of horses. Disinfection plays a central role in this and should be considered an integral part of the management plan in equine herds. By following strict disinfection practices, horse owners can help control the spread of druse and maintain the health of their animals.